1890-1899
1891 Thomas Alva Edison patents the kinetoscope: the first individual film viewer.
>> Watch video Kinetoscope Edison. >> Watch video Kinetoscope (La llum del cinema series). >> Watch video Mutoscope (La llum del cinema). 1895 The first public screening of films to a paying audience in a permanent venue, the Salon Indien du Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines, Paris, takes place on 28th December, organized by the Lumière brothers, with their Cinématographe Lumière, patented on 13th February.
>> Watch video Cinématographe Lumière. >> Watch video Cinématographe Lumière (La llum del cinema series). 1896 Georges Méliès makes his first films, and at the end of 1896 he discovers trick photography by chance. |
| 1891 Grabiel Lippman gets to make direct positive colour photographs, based on the interference phenomenon, which earned him the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1908. 1898 Kodak introduce their folding pocket camera.
| Amateur Film >> 1897 The first film camera designed for non-professionals: Gaumont's Chronophotographe Demeny using 60mm film. >> Watch video Chronophotography Demeny (La llum del cinema series). Fire at the Bazar de la Charité in Paris, where 124 die during a film screening when the cellulose nitrate film catches fire. People become aware that a new non-flammable material has to be sought for films, especially those designed for use at home. E. & H. T. Anthony invents the Spiral camera and projector with the images on a disc, instead of film. The same year, the Bettini Brothers create a similar device, the Plattenkinematograph. 1898 Leo Kamm creates the Kammatograph, which replaces the film with a circular glass disc with a maximum capacity for 550 frames. Birt Acres patents the Birtac, the first cinematographic device to use narrow-gauge film (17.5mm, half the standard 35mm). The first attempt to create a cheap and simple film camera for the home movie market. 1899 The Apareix la Biokam camera-projector appears, with 17.5mm film and central perforation. The second narrow-gauge camera aimed at home filmmaking.
| 1897 Karl Ferdinand Braun, basing himself on Crookes's discoveries, develops the first cathode ray tube and later the first oscilloscope, which would later form the basis of electronic television.
| 1890 Jesse Walter Fewkes, the first to use the phonograph to record the speech of Native American peoples, specifically the Passamaquoddy Indians, in Maine. 1894 Thomas Alva Edison invents the kinetophone: an kinetoscope synchronised with a phonograph. 1896
Guglielmo Marconi obtains the first patent for radio, although other scientists and inventors had been working at the same time in this medium, like Alexandr Stepánovich Popov, Nikola Tesla or the Valencian military man Julio Cervera Baviera.
1898 Valdemar Poulsen creates the first magnetic recording device, the telegraphone, which worked via the application of a magnetic field on steel wire. 1899 The first sound archive in the world is founded in Vienna, the Phonogrammarchiv, dedicated to the conservation of the sound recordings generated in the field of scientific research. |
